Innovative Anti-parasitic Vaccines: Revolutionizing Livestock Veterinary Care

Abstract

Parasitic diseases are a major concern worldwide since they adversely affect animals’ health and threaten production of profitable animal and directly or indirectly affect humans. These cause high mortality and morbidity rate since these are also involved in spread of zoonotic diseases and cause worldwide economic losses. Several approaches have been employed to reduce parasitic infections including veterinary vaccines for livestock. Vaccination is the most sustainable approach to control parasitic diseases. It increases the initial cost but also provides long lived immunity and improves animal health including human health by controlling the source of foodborne parasitic diseases (FBDs). But resistance to multiple drugs has been increasing in parasites drastically also the residues of drugs remain in the meat, milk and milk derived products due to the lack of development of new effective drugs. These are the main reasons of vaccines production. In the present review, advances in development of vaccines have been discussed to control parasitic diseases since they have various mechanism of invasion in host body that make it difficult to produce vaccines.