Multifaceted Approaches in Breast Cancer Care: Insights from Research and Clinical Practice

Abstract

Cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the decades, encompassing a range of modalities including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Each approach brings unique benefits and challenges, particularly concerning cancer's ability to develop resistance. This paper explores the mechanisms and efficacy of these therapies, highlighting the advances in diagnostic tools, imaging technologies, and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance treatment outcomes. Chemotherapy effectively targets rapidly dividing cells but is often limited by drug resistance and side effects. Radiation therapy offers precise targeting but shares challenges with resistance and collateral damage. Hormone therapy, vital for certain cancers, faces issues with hormone receptor variability and adaptation. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy represent cutting-edge treatments with high specificity and the ability to harness the immune system, respectively, but also present challenges in resistance and patient selection. The synergy of combination therapies, particularly chemotherapy and immunotherapy, shows promise in overcoming these limitations. This comprehensive examination underscores the importance of a multifaceted and personalized approach in cancer treatment, leveraging technological advancements to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.